
I read a chapter of some theology book last week, involving Dietrich Bonhoeffer, and every time I drive alone now, I think about it.
In his prison years, leading up to his execution, his writings took some corners that surprised people. He talked about Christianity needing to become religionless. Religionless.
Previous attempts in early 20th-century Germany to evangelize were religion-based; there was a not-necessarily-wrong assumption that everyone had a religion, and the gospel was telling people about a better religion in Christ.
Bonhoeffer said that state of affairs was ending/had ended. Modern people of his era did not even acknowledge that they had a religion. You couldn't tell them to get right mit Gott because there wasn't an understanding that there was a wrongness in place. That was weird and new in the 1930s, and according to Bonhoeffer, Christianity needed to be religionless to communicate with these people.
My understanding is that Bonhoeffer had a specific meaning when he said "religion" that you needed to understand to make full sense of his call to religionlessness. He thought that religion, as it had been known, was a seeking of God in ignorant places. As humans gained increasing knowledge in a widening variety of disciplines, that leaves ever-shrinking holes for religious people to look at and shrug and say, "Yeah, I dunno, God I guess." Instead, religionless Christianity would seek God in knowledge; find him and worship him among the discovered things.
But here's the first thing I drive around thinking about: That's not that different from now. The term "post-Christian" gets used to describe where we are, but according to Bonhoeffer, that was already going on 80 years ago.
I guess that explains why Bonhoeffer has been so influential among thinking Christendom; he caught the front edge of that wave when no one quite recognized it as a wave yet.
The second thing I drive around thinking about is: That was 80 years ago! Four generations of people have marched onto the marble since then, enough time for two more giant shifts in behavior, even if you don't count the world-wrenching advent of the Internet. I'd be surprised if we were still only in the middle of that wave. More likely, we are being hit with the next one or two now. But what?
Atheism is a popular bugaboo, but I think that's mainly a boon for the evangelical urge. Real, committed atheism is damn hard to live out, not least of reasons is that God is peskily real and present. Only an ubermensch can dream of staving off God for a lifetime. Anyone even slightly uncommitted to the proposition leaves God an opening to come in and change them. Really, the only downside to the rise of atheism in the world is that it causes well-intentioned people to waste time walking down stark roads before they come back to love and hope. Otherwise, it's open season for caring evangelists.
A hole where people used to keep religion is no longer the big issue. I think maybe the bigger issue is people adopting new/old religions that don't seem to involve God. Religions that think roadside bombs are good ideas, or mutant American nostrums embroidering free market ethical egoism.
We have religions again that compete with Jesus. Not that Bonhoeffer's words aren't still useful. But religion is back, and we don't know what to call it now or what to do about it yet.